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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rea Press</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">null</journal-id>
      <journal-title>Rea Press</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">3042-1322</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3042-1322</issn><publisher>
      	<publisher-name>Rea Press</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">https://doi.org/10.48314/ramd.v1i1.26</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group><subject>Availability, Analysis, Comparative, Dependability, Hybrid, Maintainability, Reliability</subject></subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Comparative Study of Hybrid Systems Using RAMD Analysis</article-title><subtitle>A Comparative Study of Hybrid Systems Using RAMD Analysis</subtitle></title-group>
      <contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Yusuf</surname>
		<given-names>Ibrahim </given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Mathematical Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.</aff>
	</contrib><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname>Sanusi</surname>
		<given-names>Abdullahi </given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>School of Continuing Education (SCE), Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria‎.</aff>
	</contrib><contrib contrib-type="author">
	<name name-style="western">
	<surname> Lawan</surname>
		<given-names>Zulyadaini Dahiru</given-names>
	</name>
	<aff>Department of Mathematical Science, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.</aff>
	</contrib></contrib-group>		
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>06</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>1</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2024 Rea Press</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p></license>
      </permissions>
      <related-article related-article-type="companion" vol="2" page="e235" id="RA1" ext-link-type="pmc">
			<article-title>A Comparative Study of Hybrid Systems Using RAMD Analysis</article-title>
      </related-article>
	  <abstract abstract-type="toc">
		<p>
			Hybrid systems, combining diverse technologies or methodologies, have emerged as promising solutions across various domains, from renewable energy to transportation and beyond. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of hybrid systems employing the Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Dependability (RAMD) framework. In this study, two systems are established, each composed of subsystems A and B. In the first system, both A and B contain active units, with two units in A and four in B. In the second system, A has two active units, while B is split between two human operators: one overseeing two units, and the other managing four. The objective is to evaluate and compare their performance, considering their reliability, availability, maintainability, and dependability (RAMD) aspects. RAMD analysis plays a pivotal role in optimizing operational efficiency and productivity by identifying opportunities for improvement within systems.
		</p>
		</abstract>
    </article-meta>
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